American Laws of Corporation and Corporate Finance

 

Course Syllabus

 

Bo Li and Junling Ma

 

November 2001

Renmin University Law School

 

 

                This short course will last for 20 hours.  The purpose of the course is to give students an in-depth understanding of some important aspects of corporate governance, corporate finance and related securities laws.  In addition to law and policy, the course will also cover some important transactional aspects of corporate law in the United States.

 

                The class time is 9:00am to 11:30am every Monday to Thursday for the first two weeks, and Monday to Tuesday for the third week.  The last class will be on Tuesday, November 20.

 

                To get credit for this class, a student needs to write a short paper on a topic related to this class.  Some suggested paper topics are attached at the end of this syllabus.  Each student is encouraged to discuss with any one of the teachers about potential paper topics.  The paper is due on Tuesday, November 20 in class.  Each paper should at least have 2,500 Chinese words.  If possible, the paper should be typed on computer.  Good typed papers will be considered for publication on Perspectives, a popular online academic journal based in the United States.

 

                We will have office hours from 2:00pm to 4:00pm on Monday, November 12 and Sunday, November 18.  Students are encouraged to come to the office hours to ask questions.

 

 

Reading Materials

 

Corporations: Examples and Explanations (Third Edition), by Lewis D. Solomon & Alan R. Palmiter (Aspen, 1999) (“S&P”)

 

Corporations and Other Business Organizations: Cases and Materials (Eighth Edition), by Melvin Aron Eisenberg (The Foundation Press, 2000) (“Eisenberg”)

 

Model Business Corporation Act (“MBCA”)

 

Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”)

 

Securities Act of 1933 (“33 Act”)

 

Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“34 Act”)

 

Venture Capital Financing:

·         Article by Kristopher D. Brown, “Emerging growth companies: financing and strategic alliance transactions,” Counseling Clients in the New Economy, PLI 2001

·         Sample fact pattern and term sheet for a Series B financing transaction

 

Miscellaneous materials

 

 


Course Plan and Reading List

 

 

Class 1. Introduction and Formation of Corporation                                                                         Monday, November 5

               

                Teacher: Bo Li

 

                Overview: basic attributes, theory of firm, source of corporate law, constitutional issue

                Choice of forms (C or S corporation, partnership, LP, LLC, etc)

                Incorporation Process

                Location of incorporation --- Delaware vs. other states

                Ultra vires doctrine

                Law of agency (relevant for two reasons: corporate liability, corporate governance)

 

                Reading Assignment:

                (1) S&P:      Chapter 2

                (2) Eisenberg:            Morris Oil Co. v. Rainbow Oilfield Trucking, Inc. (pp. 2-6)

                                                Tarnowski v. Resop (pp. 18-22)

                                                Note on the Authority of Corporate Officers (pp. 210-214)

 

Class 2. Corporate Governance: Introduction and Shareholder Voting Rights                      Tuesday, November 6

 

                Teacher: Bo Li

 

                Introduction:

·         What is corporate governance?

·         Traditional model of corporate governance and corporate governance in reality

·         Corporate constituencies: shareholder, management and directors

·         Public vs. privately held corporation: difference in corporate governance

                Governing mechanisms:

·         Approval requirements: shareholder approval (shareholder voting rights), board approval, etc.

·         Incentive mechanisms: bonuses, stock options, market discipline, etc.

·         Fiduciary duties: concept of fiduciary, and standard of care (law of agency)

                Shareholder voting rights

·         Shareholders’ Role in Corporate Governance

·         Voting Structure

·         Judicial Protection of Voting Rights

·         Federal Regulation of Proxy Voting

·         Proxy Fraud

 

                Reading Assignment:

                (1) S&P:      Chapter 7

                (2) Eisenberg:            Schnell v. Chris-Craft Industries, Inc. (pp. 169-171)

                                                Blasius Industries, Inc. v. Atlas Corp (pp. 171-179)

                                                Stroud v. Grace (pp. 181-187)

                (3) MBCA:   Chapter 7

                (4) DGCL:                Subchatper VII

               

Class 3. Corporate Governance: Fiduciary Duties of Management and Controlling                 Shareholders                      

                Wednesday, November 7

 

                Teacher: Junling Ma

 

                Fiduciary duties of directors

·         Duty of care; business judgment rule

·         Duty of loyalty; self dealing

·         Corporate opportunity

        Executive compensation

                Indemnification and D&O insurance

                Responsibility of controlling shareholders

        Shareholder derivative suit

 

                Reading Assignment:

(1)    S&P:        Chapter 11, Chapter 12.1-12.3, pp. 199-212 (12.4-5, and examples, pp. 212-222 optional)

(2)    Eisenberg:         Smith v. Van Gorkom (pp. 549-567) (duty of care)

(3)    S&P:         Chapter 13 (pp.223-233; examples on pp.233-240, optional)

(4)    DGCL:        Section 144

 

Class 4. Corporate Finance: An Introduction                                                                         Thursday, November 8

 

                Teacher: Junling Ma

 

                Financial rights in corporation

·         Financial rights of equity shares

·         Issuance of equity shares

·         Common stock and preferred stock

·         Debt financing

·         Choosing a debt-equity mix

Private (venture financing) vs. public financing (public offerings)

·         Framework for securities offering under 1933 Act

·         Private placement exemptions – Regulation D

·         Civil liabilities under federal securities laws

·         Transfer restrictions on restricted stock

·         Definition of “Security”

 

            Reading Assignment:

                (1) S&P:      Chapter 4 – Financial Rights in Corporation; Example 1 on p. 59;

                                  Examples 1 &3 on p. 66; Example 1 on p.73

                (2) DGCL;   Sections 152,153 & 154

                (3) MBCA    Section 6

                (4) S&P:     Chapter 5 – Federal Regulation of Securities Offering

                (5) 33 Act:  Sections 11 and 12

                (6) Eisenberg:                 Escott v. BarChris Construction Co. (pp. 1365-1392)

 

Class 5. Protection of Corporate Creditors                                                                                               Monday, November 12

 

                Teacher: Bo Li

 

                Rule of limited liability

                Liability during incorporation process

            Corporate liability – authority to bind the corporation (law of agency)

                Limitations on Corporate Distributions to Shareholders

·         Dividend

·         Capital Distribution

·         Redemption and Repurchase

                Corporate formality/Piercing Corporate Veil

                Statutory recognition of corporate form

 

                Reading Assignment:

                (1) S&P:      Chapter 31

                (2) Eisenberg:            Walkovszky v. Carlton (pp. 226-231)

                                                Minton v. Cavaney (pp. 238-240)

                                                Sea-Land Services, Inc. v. Pepper Source (pp. 242-248)

                (3) MBCA:   Section 6.40(c)

                (4) DGCL:   Sections 154, 170, 160

 

 

Class 6. Venture Capital Financing                                                                                             Tuesday, November 13

 

                Teacher: Junling Ma

 

                Advantages and disadvantages of venture capital financing

                Preferred stock vs. common stock

                Overview of a typical venture capital financing deal – term sheet

                VC’s participation in corporate governance

·         Preferred Stock’s special voting rights -- protective provisions

·         Board representation or visitation rights

                Preferred stock: features set forth in Articles of Incorporation

·                     Dividends

·                     Liquidation preference

·                     Conversion

·                     Anti-dilution protection

                Preferred stock: contractual rights set forth in Investors Rights Agreements

·                     Registration rights

·                     Preemptive right – right to participate in future financing

·                     Financial information rights

 

Reading Assignment:

(1) S&P: Chapter 4.1

(2) Kristopher D. Brown: “Emerging growth companies: financing and strategic alliance transactions”  (selected pages)

(3) Sample fact pattern and term sheet for a Series B financing transaction.

 

Class 7. Going Public:  The IPO Process                                                                                  Wednesday, November 14

 

                Guest Lecturer: James Lin

 

                Is the company ready for IPO -- advantages and disadvantages of going public

                IPO process

                                The team: investment bankers, accountants, lawyers, and management

                                Due diligence, and potential liability of all parties

                                Preparing and filing the registration statement, dealing with SEC

                                Preparing and adopt polices and procedures required of public company

                                Road shows, pricing, asking for effectiveness, and offering

                Underwriting arrangement

                                U